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Ingredients : 苦杏仁

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🠴 苦杏仁 🠶

苦杏仁,又稱山杏仁、北杏、甜梅仁,為薔薇科植物山杏(Prunus armeniaca var. ansu)或杏(Prunus armeniaca L.)之成熟種子,與可食用的甜杏仁不同,苦杏仁含有少量苦杏仁苷。外形扁平卵形,味苦而微甘。常見種類依產地與樹種不同,主要分為北杏仁(山杏仁)與南杏仁(甜杏仁)兩類,其中北杏多用於藥用,南杏多用於食用。

中醫認為,苦杏仁性微溫,味苦,歸肺、大腸經,具有止咳平喘、潤腸通便之功效。其苦能降氣,故主治咳嗽氣逆、喘促胸滿;其潤能下行,可療腸燥便秘。常配伍麻黃以發汗宣肺止咳,與枳實、厚朴同用則可理氣寬胸。

應用方面,苦杏仁多作藥用,經炮製後方可入藥,不可生食。常見於杏仁露、杏仁茶、潤肺膏方中,用於緩解咳嗽與喉乾。亦可入丸散劑,如「二母散」、「定喘湯」等中藥方中使用。炮製後的苦杏仁味道香濃,也可少量加入甜品中調香潤肺。

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