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Ingredients : Fermented Black Beans

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🠴 Fermented Black Beans 🠶

豆豉,中文稱豆豉,英文稱 Fermented Black Beans,日文稱 豆豉(トウチ),韓文稱 두시。學名: Glycine max(大豆),主要以大豆經蒸煮、發酵及鹽漬等程序製成。

別稱: 豉、黑豆豉、香豉、淡豆豉(中藥材名稱,製法與一般調味豆豉有所不同)。

常見種類: 豆豉是中國傳統發酵調味食材,依原料、製法及色澤可分為:黑豆豉(以黑大豆製成,色澤深黑,豆香濃郁,是粵菜及台菜常見的調味品),黃豆豉(以黃大豆製成,豆香醇厚,風味較為溫和),乾豆豉(經充分乾燥,鹹香濃縮,適合炒菜及蒸魚),濕豆豉(保留較多水分,質地柔軟,適合製作醬料及燉煮料理)。

性味歸經: 傳統中醫所稱的淡豆豉,性涼,味辛、甘,歸肺、胃經,具有解表除煩的食療應用。一般鹽漬豆豉則屬於發酵調味食品,不宜直接套用淡豆豉的藥性。

應用: 豆豉是中式料理中極具代表性的發酵調味料:豆豉蒸排骨(利用豆豉鹹香襯托排骨肉汁),豆豉鮮蚵(與蒜頭、辣椒及九層塔拌炒,呈現濃郁海鮮風味),豆豉苦瓜(以豆豉的醇厚鹹香平衡苦瓜的甘苦),豆豉炒高麗菜(少量豆豉即可提升蔬菜鮮味),豆豉魚(搭配魚肉蒸煮,使魚肉吸收發酵豆香)。

豆豉看似不起眼,卻是中國飲食文化中極具智慧的發酵食品。古人利用時間與微生物,將普通豆子轉化成香氣濃郁的調味珍品。它不像醬油那樣流動,也不像辣椒那樣張揚,卻能以一小匙的分量,讓整道料理瞬間增添深度。尤其台灣家常菜中的豆豉蒸排骨與豆豉鮮蚵,那股鹹香中帶著醇厚豆香的滋味,正是平凡食材化身美味的經典示範。

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